Architectural and Engineering Glossary
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A method of surveying in which the stations are points on the ground which are located at the vertices of a chain or network of triangles;the angles of the triangles are measured instrumentally;then the sides are derived by computation from selected sides which are termed “base lines,”the lengths of which are obtained from direct measurements on the ground.
Having three apses,either side by side or forming a cloverleaf pattern at the sanctuary end of a church.
A test subjecting a specimen to a confined hydrostatic pressure and then to an axial load until failure.
A test subjecting a specimen to lateral and axial loads simultaneously.
In a church,a triple arcade which connects the nave with the narthex.
In an ancient Roman basilica,a raised platform for the curule chairs of the magistrates.
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1.A slightly elevated platform or dais for a speaker.2.The apse of a church.
A compound which is a main constituent of portland cement.
In landscape architecture,an efficient means of watering plants or trees by supplying the water directly to their roots.
A dining room in an ancient Roman house,furnished with a low table,surrounded on three sides by couches.
Having apses with semidomes on three sides of a square chamber;some churches,chapels,and tombs are built on this plan.
In medieval church architecture,a shallow passage above the arches of the nave and choir and below the clerestory;characteristically opened into the nave.
A chariot similar to a quadriga but drawn by three horses.
See auxiliary dead latch.
The characteristic ornament of the Doric frieze,consisting of slightly raised blocks of three vertical bands separated by V-shaped grooves.The triglyphs alternate with plain or sculptured panels called metopes.Also see order.
A mosaic of triangular pieces of marble,terra-cotta,glass,or other material.
A surveying method in which the lengths of all sides of a chain of triangles,polygons,or quadrilaterals (or any combination of them) are measured with an electronic instrument;the angles then may be computed from these field measurements.
Two upright monoliths spanned by a third,as at Stonehenge.
Same as trefoil arch.
1.The visible woodwork or moldings of a room,such as the baseboards,cornices,casings, etc.2.Any visible element, usually of metal or wood, which covers or protects joints,edges,or ends of another material;the finishings around fittings and openings,as a door trim, window trim,etc.3.The exposed metal appurtenances of plumbing fixtures,such as faucets,spigots,exposed traps.4.The hardware applied to a door.5.In the theater,to adjust the vertical position of any element of scenery or equipment hung in the rigging.6.Same as trimstone.7.To adjust closely.8.To fit up and finish.
A flat piece of metal which is welded to a side or end of a grating panel and carries no load;used chiefly to improve appearance.
Same as corner block.
Decorative finish hardware,used either to operate functional hardware or to serve as functional hardware.
A joist,supported by a trimmer,which has the same cross section as the common joists.
See cased opening.
A nearly flat arch,usually a lowrise arch of brick;used for supporting a fireplace hearth;also called trimmer.
Trimming rafters,or trimmers and trimming joists which form an opening.
A joist,supporting a trimmer,of larger cross section but of the same length as,and parallel to,the common joists.
See bench trimmer.
Same as camber piece.
A rafter,supporting a trimmer,of larger cross section but of the samelength as and parallel to,the common rafters.
A window having three vertically sliding sashes,each closing a different part of the window;the weight of each sash is counterbalanced for ease of opening and closing;same as treble sash.
A cable composed of three individually insulated electric conductors,twisted together and having a common outer protective covering.
A house that provides living quarters for three families,each with a separate entrance; usually has three stories,with one apartment on each floor.
Having three wings or three rows of columns.
See tresaunce.
In Hispanic architecture,a loophole.
An arch commemorating the return of a victorious army,usually in the line of march during its triumphal procession.
A low support for a surveying instrument where a tripod cannot be used.
A cavetto or scotia.
A long recessed lighting unit,usually installed so that its opening is flush with the ceiling.
An exposed steel beam,attached to the underside of the structure above;provides support for and acts as a track for a trolley crane.
A piece of vaulting of conical or partly spherical shape,or resembling one corner of a cloistered vault.
Ceiling and wall paintings that deceive the eye,creating the illusion of three dimensions.
A sculptured composition of arms and armor as an emblem of,or a memorial to,victorious battles or triumphant military figures.
A channel used to carry electric conductors.
A continuous cable tray having slots for ventilation.
A box gutter.
See open-top mixer.
Same as valley roof.
