Architectural and Engineering Glossary

Z

Z-bar

In a suspended acoustical ceiling, one form of main runner.

Z-braced Battened Door

A battened door held together by two horizontal boards that are joined by a diagonal board; suggestive of the letter Z.

Zaguán

1.In Spanish architecture and derivatives, an entry; often a massive wooden gate that was often sheltered and wide enough to permit large wagons or coaches to enter the courtyard (placita) of a casa del rancho. Often had a small door adjacent to, or a door set within the zaguán, for pedestrian traffic. 2.In ecclesiastical His- panic architecture, a corridor between a cloister and its exterior.

Zambullo Door

In early Spanish Colonial architecture, especially in New Mexico, a wood door hung on wood pintle hinges.

Zapata

In Spanish Colonial architecture of the Americas, a horizontal piece of wood, atop a post, that provides greater bearing area to support the load imposed on the post from above; usually carved; similar to a bolster, 1 but often more highly decorative

Zebrawood

zebrano A moderately hard and heavy wood, pale yellow or pinkish brown, having pronounced dark stripes; found in central and western Africa. Used for plywood and decorative applications.

Zee

A metal member having a modified  Z- shaped cross section; the internal angles of the Z are approximately equal to right angles.

Zeolite

A coarse grained chemical compound used in water-softening equipment; consists of a greenish granular material containing iron (up to 25%), a large percentage of silica, and some alumina and potash.

Zeolite Softening

A water softening process now called cation exchange softening.

Zero-slump

concrete Said of freshly mixed concrete which has no measurable slump; compare with no slump concrete.

Zeta

1.A closed or small chamber. 2.A room over a porch of an early Christian church, where the porter or sexton lived and where documents were kept.

Ziggurat

A Mesopotamian temple tower; from the end of the 3rd millennium B.C. on,ziggurats rose in three to seven stages,diminishing in area and often in height square (Sumer) or rectangular (Assyria), built of mud brick and faced with baked brick laid in bitumen.

Zigzag Bond

Same as or similar to herringbone bond.

Zigzag Fence

A fence constructed of split rails that (in plan) alternate in direction,usually at a wide angle of about 120 degrees.At the intersection between the two stacks of rails,uprights are sometimes driven in the ground and lashed to the fence to improve its stability.

Zigzag Moderne

See Art Moderne.

Zigzag Molding, Dancette

An ornamental molding of continued chevrons.Also see reversed zigzag molding.

Zigzag Riveting

Same as staggered riveting.

Zigzag Rule

A folding rule whose sections are pivoted; stiff when fully opened.

Zigzag, Dancette

An ornamental molding of continued chevrons.

Zinc

A hard bluish white metal,brittle at normal temperatures,very malleable and ductile when heated; not subject to corrosion;used for galvanizing sheet steel and iron,in various metal alloys, and as an oxide for white paint pigment.

Zinc Chromate, Buttercup Yellow, Zinc Yellow

A bright yellow stable pigment used in paints, esp.in metal primers as a rustinhibiting pigment.

Zinc Coating

See galvanizing.

Zinc Dust

A fine gray powder of zinc metal usually of at least 97% purity; used as a pigment in paint primer for galvanized iron and other metal substrates.

Zinc Oxide, Zinc White

A white water insoluble pigment which has low hiding power; used in paints to provide durability, color retention, and hardness, and to increase sag resistance.

Zinc White

See zinc oxide. 

Zinc Yellow

See zinc chromate. 

Zocco

Same as socle.

Zone

1.In an air-conditioning or heating system, a space (or group of spaces), served by the system, whose temperature (or humidity) is regulated by a single control. 2.A vertical or hori- zontal subdivision of a water supply system, sprinkler system, or standpipe system. 3.See pressure zone.

Zone Of Saturation

The level below which the subsoil and rock masses of the earth are fully saturated.See illustration under groundwater.

Zoned Heating

Heating or cooling in one area of a building which is completely independent of the control of the heating in other areas of the building.

Zoning

The control by a municipality of the use of land and buildings,the height and bulk of buildings,the density of population,the relation of a lot’s building coverage to open space, the size and location of yards and setbacks, and the provision of any ancillary facilities such as parking. Zoning, established through the adoption of a municipal ordinance,is a principal instrument in implementing a master plan.
 

Zoning Ordinance

A regulation that governs the location and use of land and buildings in a specific area.

Zoning Permit

A permit,issued by the appropriate governing agency, which authorizes land  to be used for specific purposes.

Zoological Garden

A park,often quite large,designed for exhibiting wild animals.

Zoomorph

An image or symbol of some representation of an animal.

Zoophoric Column

A column bearing a figure or figures of one or more men or animals.

Zoophorus

A horizontal band bearing carved figures of animals or persons, esp. the Ionic frieze when sculptured.

Zotheca

In Near Eastern architecture and derivatives, an alcove off a living room.

Zwinger

The protective fortress of a city.