Architectural and Engineering Glossary

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Screens Passage

In a medieval hall,1,a wooden screen placed in front of the doors that led to the kitchen or buttery so as to block them from view.

Screw

An externally threaded fastener.

Screw Anchor

An anchor (similar to an expansion bolt) having a metal shell with a screw along its central axis;when the shell is placed in a hole and the screw is driven in,the shell expands,tightly securing the anchor in the hole.

Screw Auger

Same as auger.

Screw Blank

See bolt blank.

Screw Clamp

 Any clamp set by means of a screw,but esp. one used in woodworking which has two large parallel jaws for holding the work to be pressed together.

Screw Dowel

A metal dowel pin provided with a straight or tapered thread.

Screw Eye

A screw having a loop or eye for its head.

Screw Jack

Same as jackscrew.

Screw Pile

1.A pile which has a broad-bladed screw attached to its foot to provide a larger bearing area.2.A pile which has a spiral blade fixed to its lower end;it is twisted into the ground rather than driven by a series of impacts.

Screw Shackle

Same as turnbuckle.

Screw Stair, Winding Stair

A circular stair whose steps wind around a central post.Also called a newel stair or vice stair.

Screw Thread

See thread and taper thread.

Screwdriver

A tool having a handle and a long shank,with a tapered wedge-shaped tip which fits into the recess in the head of a screw;used for driving a screw in place or removing it,by turning the head of the screw.

Screwed Joint

A joint that uses threads on the ends of two pipes (or on a pipe and a fitting) to draw the two pieces together and form a leakproof seal.

Screwed Work

In wood turning,work in which the cutting is done in a spiral direction,so as to leave a spiral fillet or other ornamental spiral pattern.

Screwless Knob

A doorknob attached to a spindle by means of a special wrench instead of the more commonly used side screw.

Screwless Rose

A rose with a concealed method of attachment.

Screwnail

See drivescrew.

Scribbled Ornament

A decorative effect produced by lines,scrolls,or the like,irregularly distributed over a surface.

Scribed Joint

1.See coped joint.2.A masonry joint in which a thin line has been cut in the face of the mortar between bricks after it has been smoothed with a metal tool.

Scriber

A pointed instrument used to mark lines on wood,metal,bricks,etc.,to serve as a guide in sawing,cutting, etc.

Scrim

1.A coarse mesh-like material such as heavy cloth,fiberglass,or wire mesh,used to bridge and reinforce a joint or as a base for plastering or painting. 2.A light open-weave fabric,sometimes painted or dyed,used as a drop curtain or part of a drop curtain;transparent, but less so than theatrical gauze.

Scriptorium

A writing room;specifically,the room assigned in a monastery for the copying of manuscripts.

Scroll

An ornament consisting of a spirally wound band,either as a running ornament or as a terminal,like the volutes of the Ionic capital or the scrolls on consoles and modillions.

Scroll Pediment

A little-used synonym for swan’s-neck pediment.
 

Scroll Saw

A handsaw or band saw for cutting thin boards,veneers,or plates into ornamental scrollwork;esp.used for cutting curves.

Scroll Step

See curtail step.

Scrollwork

1.Ornamental woodwork that has been cut by a scrollsaw in decorative curved patterns often suggestive of a series of waves.2. Wrought iron ornamental work in which scroll- like characters are an important element.

Scrub Plane

A plane having a blade with a rounded cutting edge;used in rough carpentry work.

Scrub Sink

A plumbing fixture usually located in the operating suite in a hospital to enable personnel to scrub their hands prior to a surgical procedure;the hot and cold water supply is activated by a knee action mixing valve or by wrist or pedal control.

Scrubboard

A baseboard.

Scullery

A room,generally annexed to a kitchen,used to prepare food for cooking,and/or as a pantry.

Scum,scumming

1.A surface deposit some-times formed on clay bricks;caused either by soluble salts in the clay which migrate to the surface as moisture escapes during drying (drier scum) or by the formation of deposits  during kiln firing (kiln scum).2.A mass of organic matter which floats on the surface of sewage.

Scumbling

In painting,the operation of lightly rubbing a brush containing a small quantity of opaque or semiopaque color over a surface to soften and blend tints that are too bright,or to produce a special effect;the coat may be so thin as to be semitransparent.

Scuncheon

Same as sconcheon.

Scupper

1.An opening in a wall or parapet that allows water to drain from a roof.2.A device placed in such an opening to prevent clogging of the drain.
 

Scupper Drain

Same as scupper.

Scutch, Scotch

A bricklayer’s tool,with a cutting edge on each side,for cutting,trimming,and dressing brick or stone.

Scutcheon

Same as escutcheon.

Scutching

A method of finely dressing  stone with a hammer,the head of which is composed of a bundle of steel points.

Scuttle

A hatchway or opening through a roof deck or ceiling for access purposes,with a lid for covering it.

Scuttle Door

A door covering a scuttle in a roof;usually made of sheet metal with a metal frame;often hinged and counterbalanced.

Scutula

A segment of marble or other material,cut in the shape of a diamond or rhombus and used for inlaying floors or pavements.

SDFU (sanitary Drainage Fixture Unit)

See fixture unit.
 

Sdg

Abbr.for siding.

SDR

See standard dimension ratio.

SE&S

In the lumber industry,abbr.for “square edge and sound.”

Seal Weld

A weld used primarily to provide a specific degree of tightness against leakage.

Sealant

Any material or device used to prevent the passage of liquid or gas across a joint or opening;a sealer.